Apparatus for making carbon-black.



No. 706,430. PatentedAug. 5, IB02.

Y Y J. n. MANN.

APPARATUS FDR MAKING CARBON BLACK.

(Application tiled Apr. 26. 1901.0

No.`706,430. A PaenteAug.` 5

"J. H. MANN. APPARATUS FDH MAKING CARBON BLACK.

(Applicltiou tiled Apr. 26, 1901.)

2 Sheets-'Sheet 2.

(No lllodef.)

9999999999Eo A V9999999999 fawn/fm `z of apparatus for carrying myinvention into effect, the invention may be said to be char- 3 5collectors are scrapers, which operate to free 4 UNITED STATES? 4PATENTOEEICE.

JOHN HENERY MANN, OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE CASTLEBROOK CARBON BLACK COMPANY, OF WILLIAMSPORT, PENN- sYLvANIA.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING CARBON-BLACK.

sPEcrrrcATIoN forming part of Leners Patent No. 70 6,430. dated August5, 1902- Appiication sied April 26,1901. serial No. 57,567. maman.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that'I, JOHN HENERY MANN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Meadville, in the county of Crawford and State of 5Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for MakingCarbon-Black, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is in a simple, rapid, and thoroughlypracticable manner to 1o produce the maximum amount of carbonblack froma minimum quantity of gas and to effect saving of practically all of thecarbon-black produced. 4 t

The accomplishments ofthe objects above stated are effected through theparticular manner of arrangement of the gas-burners with relation to thecarbon-collectors, by the peculiar construction of thecarbon-collectors, by causinga constant upward movement zo of theproducts of combustion and elimination therefrom of any contained carbonand its conservation before escape from the apparatus.

Generally stated and-as defining one form acterized by carbon-collectorscombined with a suitable gas-supply, the carbon-collectors to be of suchconstruction as to obviate re- 3o tardation of iiame fromthe'gas-burners,

while at the same time presenting the greatest obtainable surface in acomparatively small area for catching and retaining the carbon-black.Combined with the carbonthe surfaces impinged by the gas from thedeposited carbon-black. As a matter of spe-` ciiic improvement thegas-service pipes andk the carbon-collectors are to` be spaced apart 4osuch distances as will be requisite to afford free passage of airbetween these parts, to permit the carbon detached from the collectorsto drop to the conveyer, and also to permit movement of the air throughthe apparatus, thereby to carry toward the roof of the apparatus theproducts of combustion. To intensify this upward current of the productsof combustion, there are associated with the carbon-collectors on euachside thereof 5o perforated partitions through which the products ofcombustion travel, and against these partitions or deflectors aportionof the carbon-black not caught by the carbon-collectors will bedeposited, thus elfecting a second conserving of the escaping carbon.From the partitions the products of combustion pass upward to the top ofthe apparatus and are here caused to impinge againstcollecting-cylinders, wherea third conserving of any carbon-blackcontained in the prod- 6o ucts 4of combustion is effected, and combinedwith the collecting-cylinders and above the same is a screen throughwhich the products of combustion must pass ontheir passage to the exit,and at this screen the final conserv- 65 ing of any small particles ofcarbon that have thus far escaped retention iseected. By the successivecarbon-eliminating treatment to which the products of combuston aresubjected it will be seen that practically all, if 7o not all, of thecarbon is removed from the products of combustion, so that with a givenquantity of gas the highest possible amount of carbon-black will beproduced, and this will be found of the highest and finest grade.

Further and more specific points of novelty and advantages accruing fromthe employment of the apparatus herein illustrated will hereinafter bemore fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a `part of this specification, andin which like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts, I haveillustrated a form of apparatus capable of carrying my procedure intoeffect, it being understood that the apparatus herein displayed may bechanged as to arrangement, proportion, and general shape of the partswithout departing from the spirit of the invention, and in thesedrawings- 9o Figure l is-a view in sectional elevation of an apparatusconstructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view inVertical transverse section. Fig. 3 is a detached de- 4tail view of oneof the deiiecting plates or 95 partitions. Fig. 4 is'an enlarged detail`sectional View of a pair of adjacent carbon-collectors. Fig. 5 is adetached detail view in perspective, exhibiting one of thescraperbearings and a section of the T- rail upon 10o of collection.

which it is mounted. Fig. 6 is a View in elevation, partly in section,of one of the'scrapers complete. Fig. 7 is a detail perspective Viewshowing the scraper or knife detached from its supporting-arm.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates generally the casing of theapparatus, the same being constructed of any suitable material, asmetal, and provided throughout its length and near its lower portionwith a hopper 2, in which works a conveyer-Worm 3, one end of the hopperbeing provided with a chute 4, down which the carbon escapes to a placeThe shaft of the worm is suitably journaled in the framework of thecasing and carries at one end a beveled gear 5,

. with which meshes asimilar gear 6, receiving motion from any suitablesource of power, (not shown,) the shafts 7, carrying thecarbon-collectors, being similarly driven through gearsS and 9. Thedriving mechanism for only one of the shafts 7 is shown herein, it beinglnderstood that this mechanism will be duplicated for the other shaft,and as this will be readily understood detailed illustration is deemedunnecessary. To present suitable supports for the actuating-gears 5, 6,8,

and 9, the casing is extended on one side, as shown at 10, for thispurpose, so that the gears will be upon the outside of the casingproper, and thus free from any accumulation of carbon. Upon a cross-sill11 at each end of the casing are secured two plates 12, carrying thegas-service burner-pipes 13, these being arranged in this instance ingroups Vof three below each of the series of carbon-collectors andpractically in the arc of a circle, so that the flames will conform tothe periphery of the carbon-collectors,and thereby cause even'depositthereon of carbon from the series of burners. The service-pipes extendout through one side of the casing, as shown through Fig. 1, and lead toany source of supply, either coal-gas or hydrocarbon gas, as may bepreferred.

The carbon-collectors 14, which constitute one of the salient and mostimportant features of the presenty invention, consist each of a wheelhavinga wedge-shaped or angular periphery or face, as shown in Fig. 4,each wheel by preference comprising a hub 15, to

v be keyed or otherwise secured toone of the shafts 7, a wedge-shapedface or carbon-collecting surface 16, and spokes or spiders 17,connecting the face or rim with the hub. It will here be noted that eachcarbon-collecting wheel has two dat collecting-surfaces which areseparated by the intermediate flange formed by the in tersection ofthese surfaces, said flange forming a llame splitting or deilectingdevice, as will appear hereinafter. As here shown, the parts of thesecarbon-collectorscare integral; but it is to be understood that I do notlimit myself to this precise constructiomas the hub and spokes may becast in one piece and the rim or face secured thereto as a separateelement, or the collectors may be made in three or more parts and besuitably assembled. As shownin Fig. 4, one end of the hub terminatesHush at one side of the carboncollector and the other end projects somedistance beyond the same. The object for providing the elongated portionof the hub is to present a ready means by which either a set-screw orkey may be positioned for holding the collectors on the shafts and alsoto space the several Wheels at regular intervals, as each wheel bearsagainst the projected hub portion of the next adjacent wheel. Thegas-burners are arranged in line with the edge of the carboncollectors,so that the flame from the burners in impinging the carbon-collectors issplit or divided, thereby permitting uninterrupted escape or passage ofthe flame past the collectors, the collectors being spaced apart onl theshaft at such distances as will be calcu- I lated to effect the bestupdraft.

Extending longitudinally of the casing and bolted to the under side ofcross-pieces 1S is a T-rail 19, (clearly shown in Fig. 5,) whereon aresecured bearings 20 for the Scrapers 21. The bearings 20 each comprise aplate bolted to the T-rail, the plate carrying four lugs or projections22, suitably spaced apart and carryingjournals23 for the scraper.Thescraper (shown partially in section in Fig. 6) comprises an arm 24,having at one end a slotted head 25, the slot to engage one of thejournals 23, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The other end of the armcarries a scraper 26, the same being in elevation of an inverted-V shapeand at its front edge provided with chisel scraping edges 27 to bearupon the wedge-shaped face of the carbon-collector to remove therefromthe carbon as deposited. To facilitate removal of the scraper or blade26 from the scraper-arm when it becomes necessary to sharpen the same,the scraper is secured to the arm by a screw or bolt 28, one only beingshown in this instance, although it is to be understood that two or moremay be em-y ployed, if necessary. By providing the head 25 with the slotfor engaging the journals 23 t-he scraper-arm may be readily detachedfrom the bearing when a scraper is to be repaired, thereby obviating thenecessity for removing the journals or the bearing-plate, which would benecessary were the connection between the scraper-arm and the journalsan ordinary pivot connection. The scraper-arm carries a weight 29,arranged on a projection 30, inclined toward the knife, this Weight tobe sufflcient to cause operative coaction between a scraper and thecarbon-collector to effect perfect removal of the carbon therefrom. Ashere shown, the scraper-arm, weight, and projection are all integral;but it is to be understood that they may be made in separate parts andassembled; but from a standpoint of simplicity and cheapness thearrangement exhibited will be generally employed.

The. essential object of employing a plurality of comparatively smallcarbon-collecting IOC) IIO

wheels having individual pivotal Scrapers in coperative relation to therespective wheels is to overcome the defects incident to a longcontinuous cylinder, which becomes warped or uneven under the influenceof the heat, and thus it is impossible for the scrapers to effectuallyscrape all portions of a cylinder, thereby losing a considerablequantity of the carbon-black. V

Depending from longitudinal beams or braces 3l on each side of thecasing are deflecting plates or partitions 32, the same beingconstructed of a sheet of metal provided with numerous perforations 33.The bottom edge of` each -plate is recessed, as at 34 and 35, the tworst-named recesses being provided to permitthe partitions to be passedover theshafts 7 `and the last-named recess to pass over the T-rail I9.These plates depend a sufficient distance below the carbon-collectors soas. to separate the wheels and the burners and also to act as directorsto guide the jets of gas against the faces of the carbon-collectors,there being one of these plates on each side of each of the collectors.

Above the deflecting-plates and extending from side to side of thecasing are three series of collecting cylinders or tubes, (numbered,respectively, 36, 37, and 38,) the cylinders 36 being the smallest andarranged'contiguous to the space formed by two of the deiiecting platesor partitions 32. The other series of collecting-cylinders are of muchgreatersize-say two or three times greater in diameter than thecylinders 36-all ofthe cylinders being open at both ends to permit ofthe passage of cold air therethrough. The lowest series of cylindersconstitute what I term breakers, as it is against these that the upgoingcurrents of products of combustion impinge, are momentarily retarded,and then split and deflected toward the other two series of cylinders.

Arranged above the upper series of cylinders and contiguous thereto is ascreen 39,`

suitably supported in position and extending from side to side and endto end of the casing, and just above the screen there are provided underthe eaves of the roof 40 of the casing'escape-passages 4l. (Clearlyshown in Fig. 2.) t

The operation of the device is as follows: The burners being lighted,the `flames of the jets immediately impingethe carbon-collectors and,a's stated, are split and pass up around both sides of the same andbetween the deflecting-plates 32. The bulk of carbon is caught by thewedge-shaped faces of the carbon-collectors and is removed by theScrapers 26 and dropped between theservice-pipes 13` into the hopper,whence it is removed by the worm 3 to the chute 4. The products ot'combustion escaping around the carbon-collectors pass upward and throughin a tortuous manner the openings in the deecting-plates, and againstthese plates a small per cent. of the carbon contained in the productsof combustion is deposited, whence it may from time to time be removed.The products continue passing upward and out of the chambers formed bythe partitions and impinge upon the lower series of cylinders orbreakers 36, where further elimination of carbon takes place, and fromthese pass upward tothe succeeding series of cylinders or condensers 3738, where practically all of the carbon is eliminated and caught onthese surfaces, adherence thereto of the carbon-black being facilitatedby reason of the fact that the cylinders are cold. Any small per cent.of carbon escaping these last separating steps is caught and retained bythe screen 39, and from time to time, as requisite, the carbon may beremoved from the series of` cylinders and the screen. After passingthrough the screen the products of combustion pass out through theescape-passages Lllunder the eaves of the roof of the casing.

The carbon-collectors, as herein exhibited, rotate in oppositedirections, (in thisinstance toward each other,) so that the two seriesof scraper-s may be held for operation by a single support; but it is tobe understood that I `do not limit my invention to this precise ar-`rangement, as the carbon-collectors may be driven in the same direction,`in which case the Scrapers would have to be arranged on two separatesupports. Generally, however, the arrangement shown will be preferredonA account of effectiveness in operation and reduction in the number ofparts of the apparatus.

I have found in practice that `by the successive carbon-conserving stepsto which the products of combustion are subjected, as heretofore pointedout, all or practically all of the carbon-black is saved, so that itwill be apparent that with a minimum quantity of gas the maximum amountof high-grade carbonblack will be produced.`

As before intimated, an apparatus constructed on the lines herein givenwould perform the functions designed; but it being obvious'that inactual practice changes in many of the ordinary parts would often takeplace it is to be understood, therefore, that I do not limit myself tothe structure and arrangement of parts herein shown, as it will be ob-TOO IIO

vious that even pronounced changes in the having wedge-shaped peripheries.

3. In an apparatus for making carbonblacik, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying aseries of vertically-disposed rotary carbon-collectors spaced apart topermit passage of air between them, and deflector-plates arranged in thespaces between the collectors.

4. In anapparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a series of vertically-disposed rotarycarbon-collectors spaced apart to permit passage of air between them,and perforated deiiector-plates arranged in the spaces between thecollectors.

5. In an apparatus for `making carbonblack, the combination with aseries of gasservce burner-pipes, of a horizontally-disposed shaftarranged above the pipes and carrying vertically disposed carboncollectors spaced apart to permit passage of air between them, anddeflector-plates arranged between f the collectors.

6. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a` horizontally-disposed shaft, wedge-facedcarbon-collectin g wheels carried by the shaft and spaced apart thereon,and

Scrapers coacting with the wheels.

` 7. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, a horizon tally-disposed shaft,carbon-collectingwheels carried by the shaft and spaced apart thereon,and having ywedgeshaped peripheries, and weighted Scrapers havingchiselscraping edges to coact with the wheels.

8. In an apparatus for making carbon# black, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed rotatable shaft,vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by and spaced apartupon lthe shaft to permit a passage of air between the same, a supportlocated adjacent to the shaft, and relatively fixed weighted Scrapersindependently mounted on the support in cooperative relation with therespective wheels,

for the purpose described.

`9. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a seriesof gas-service burner-pipes, a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying aseries of carbon-collecting wheels arranged above said pipes and spacedapart on the shaft and having wedge-shaped peripheries, and scrapersshaped to conform to the peripheries of and to coact with thecollecting-wheels.

l0. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a seriesof gas-service burner-pipes, a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying aseries of carbon-collecting wheels arranged above said pipes and spacedapart on the shaft and having wedge-shaped peripheries, andA weightedScrapers having chisel scraping edges shaped to conform to theperipheries of and to coact with the collecting-wheels.

1l. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying a seriesof carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart on the shaft tov permit passageof air between them, Scrapers coacting with the collecting-wheels andshaped to conform to the peripheries thereof, and perforated defHector-plates arranged in the spaces between the collecting-wheels.

l2. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbonproducing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft carrying aseries of carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart on the shaft,deectorplates arranged in the spaces between the Wheels, andcollecting-cylinders arranged above the spaces between the deiectors.

13. In an apparatus for'making carbonblack, the combination ofcarbon-producing means, a horizontal shaft carrying carboncollectingwheels spaced apart on the shaft tol permit passage of air between them,Scrapers coacting with the carbon-collecting wheels, perforateddeiector-plates arranged in the spacesv between the collecting-wheels,and collecting-cylinders arranged above the de- {lector-plates.

14. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination ofcarbon-producing means, a horizontally-disposed shaft carryingcarbon-collecting wheels spaced apart thereon to permit passage of airbetween them, Scrapers coacting with the carbon-collecting wheels,perforated deflector-plates arranged in the spaces between the saidwheels, and

Yopen ended collecting cylinders arranged above the deiiector-plates.

15. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination ofcarbon-producing means, carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart to permitpassage of air between them, scrapers coacting with thecarbon-collecting wheels, perforated deiiector-plates arranged in thespaces between the wheels, open-ended collecting-cylinders arrangedabove the deflector-plates, and a screen arranged above the upper seriesof collecting-cylinders.

16. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of two shafts, each carrying a series ofcarbon-collecting wheels spaced apart on the shaft to permit passage ofair between them, and being rotated in opposite direc- IIO i tions, thatis to say toward each other, scrapers coacting with the wheels,perforated deflector-plates arranged in the spaces between the wheels,open-ended collecting-cylinders arranged above the deilecting-cylinders,and a screen arranged above the upper series of collecting-cylinders.

17. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, a pair of substantiallyhorizontal rotatable shafts, vertically-disposed carbon-collectingwheels carried by and rotatable with the shafts and separated byinterspaces, carbon-producing burners disposed transversely of theshafts and located beneath the respective wheels,.a support locatedbetween the shafts, and a series of independent weighted Scrapers, onefor each wheel, carried by the support and in frictional engagement withthe respective wheels.

I8. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, a pair of substantiallyhorizontal rotatable shafts, carbon-collecting wheels mounted upon androtatable with the shafts and separatedby interspaces, carbon-producingburners arranged in groups transversely of `the shafts and beneath therespective wheels,

a support extending longitudinally between the shafts, and a series ofindividually-movable weighted scrapers,one for each wheel, and havingtheir lower ends pivotally mounted upon the support and their upperportions inclined upwardly and outwardly and in frictional engagementwith the respective col lecting-Wheels.

19. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a seriesof gas-service burner-pipes suitably spaced apart, a horizontal shaftcarrying a series of carbon-collecting wheels spaced apart upon theshaft, collecting-wheels arranged in the spaces between thecollecting-wheels, and a plurality of series of open-endedcollecting-cylinders arranged above the deiiectors, the lowest series ofcylinders being the smallest and constituting breakers operatinginitially to retard the currents of the products-of combustion and thento direct such currents against the remaining series ofcollecting-cylinders.

20. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a seriesof gas-service burner-pipes suitably spaced apart, carbon-collectorsspaced apart to permit passage of air between them, perforateddeliectorplates arranged on each side of the carboncollectors, series ofopen-ended collecting-cylinders `arranged above the defiectors, thelower series of cylinders being the smallest, and constituting breakersoperating initially to retard the currents of the products ofcoinbustion and then direct them against the remaining series ofcollectingcylinders,a screen arranged above the upper series ofcollectingcylinders,and escape-passages arranged above the screen.

21. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination with asuitably-inclosed casing, a hopper formed in the bottom thereof, a wormmounted in the lower portion of the hopper and operating to feedmaterial to a chute arranged at one end of the hopper, carbon-collectorsarranged within the casing and rotating in opposite directions, a seriesof gas-service burner-pipes arranged in a hori zontal plane below thecollectors and disposed in the arc of a circle with relation thereto,the collectors and gas-pipes being spaced apart to permit passage of airbetween them and valso the deposition of carbon from the col-l lectorspast the pipes and into the hopper, Scrapers coacting with thecarbon-collectors, perforated deilector-plates arranged on each side ofthe carbon-collectors, a plurality of series of open-,endedcollecting-cylinders arranged above the deilectors,a screen arrangedabove the upper series of cylinders, and escape-passages formed in theroof of the casing adjacent to the screen.

22. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, a closed casing having itslower portion formed into a hopper provided at one end of the chute, aworm working inthe hopper, a series of gas-service burner-pipessupported in horizontal position upon `cross-sills within the casing,shafts carrying carbon-collectors spaced apart to permit passage of airbetween them, the actuating mechanism for the worm and for thecarbon-collectors being on the exterior of the casing, thereby toprotect such mechanism from an accumulation of carbonblack,scraperscoacting with the carbon-collectors, perforated deflector-platesarranged on each side ofthe carbon-collectors, open ended collectingcylinders arranged above the deflectors, a screen arranged above theupper series of the cylinders, and escapepassages formed in the roof ofthe casing adjacent to the screen.

23. In an apparatus for making carbon black, the combination ofcarbon-producing means, and a vertically-disposed carbon-collectingWheel, the rim of which is formed with two opposite fiatcarboncollecting surfaces, and a peripheral flame-dividing projectionlocated at the junction of the carbon-collecting surfaces, thecarbon-producing means bef ing in alinement with the flame-dividingprojection to direct the flame to opposite sides thereof andintocooperative relation with the carbon-collecting surfaces.

24. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a vertically-disposed rotatablecarbon-collecting wheel, having its rim beveled inwardly from itsopposite edges to provide opposite flat carbon-collectingsurfaces, thepointed intersection of these faces forming a peripheral name-dividingprojection or partition.

25. In an apparatus for makingr carbon-r IOO IIO

carbon-collecting wheels and projected downwardly below the latter andtoward the carbonproducing means, and also projected above the wheels.

26. In an apparatus for making carbon'- black, the combinationl withcarbon-producing means, of a plurality of vertically-disposed rotatablecarbon-collecting Wheels located above the carbon-producing means andseparated by interspaces, vertical partitions in the interspaces andprojected above and below the carbon-collecting wheels, and secondarycarbon-collectors located above the Wheels and opposite the spacesbetween the respective partitions.

27. In an lapparatus for making carbonblack, the combination ofcarbon-collecting wheels which, are separated by interspaces,carbon-prod ucing means located under each wheel, scrapers for eachwheel and vertical partitions situated in the interspaces and projectedabove and below the wheels.

28.v In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of carbon-collectors located above the same andseparated by interspaces, vertical partitions located in the interspacesand projected above the carbon-collectors, horizontal series ofsecondary carbon-collectors located transversely above the primarycollectors and with one series above the other, the lowermost serieshaving its members located opposite the space between adjacentpartitions, and the membersof the next-above series being staggered withrespect to the members of the lowermost series.

29. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination of a casing,a horizontal shaft mounted therein, a series of carboncollecting wheelsmounted thereon and spaced apart to permit the passage of air betweenthe same, carbonburners arranged beneath each carbon-collecting wheel,and perforated plates located between the burners and thecarbon-collecting wheels to separate the wheels from each other anddirect the ilame thereto.

30. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-prod ucing means, of ahorizontally-disposed rotatable shaftlocated above said means, vertically-disposed carbon-collectingwheelscarried by the shaft and having their hubs equally projected atcorresponding'ends to form means for regularly spacing the wheels,

and independent scrapers in cooperative relation with the respectiveWheels.

31. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft located abovesaid means, vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by theshaft and having their hubs provided with projected portions lyingagainst the respective adjacent wheels and thereby spacing the latter,and independent Scrapers in cooperative relation with the respectivewheels.

32. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft located abovesaid means, vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by theshaft and having their hubs terminated flush at one end with therespective adjacent sides of the wheels, and the opposite ends of thehubs projected beyond the sides of the wheels and adapted to lie againstthe flush ends of the hubs to form spacing devices for the wheels, andindependent Scrapers in cooperative 'relation with the respectivewheels.

33. In an apparatus for making carbon- -black, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft located abovesaid means, a pair of vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheelscarried by the shaft, one of the wheels havinga projected hub portionlying against the other wheel and forming a spacing device to separatethe two wheels,and independent Scrapers in cooperative relation with therespect-ive wheels.

34:. In an apparatus for making carbonblack, the combination withcarbon-producing means, of a horizontally-disposed shaft,vertically-disposed carbon-collecting wheels carried by and spaced apartupon the shaft to permit a passage of air between the same, a supportlocated adjacent to the shaft, and scrapers, one for each wheel,independently mounted on the support in cooperative relation with therespective wheels, for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN HENERY MANN.

Witnesses:

T. A. HENAGH, E. D. MCGALLY.

IOO

